What to Expect When You’re Inspecting: Decks and Fences
Techshed Devops | May 3, 2016

As with any structure exposed to the elements, decks and fences should be inspected for rot, rust and rickety supports. Far too many homeowners never take this simple step. As a result, the International Association of Certified Home Inspectors estimates that of the 45 million existing decks in North America, only 40% are completely safe.
Walk your fences and decks once a year or so to look for signs of decay or structural failure, and schedule maintenance accordingly. You can perform this inspection at any time, but Ive found the best time of year is normally spring.
Spring is when any snows have melted off, but before new plant growth has risen up, giving an excellent view of fence and deck supports that might otherwise be obscured. Spring is also a good time to check decks for structural issues, as most decks fail during the summer, when crowds gather on them to enjoy the weather.
Decks
A deck thats twelve inches off the ground has very different support and safety concerns than one thats twelve feet overhead, but the basic issues to watch for are the same. Youre primarily looking for signs of rot, and any structural shortcomings.
Rot
Using a screwdriver or awl, probe the decking material. Wood decks should feel solid when tapped, and splinter when gouged. Rotten wood will easily give way to a probing, and fibers will pull loose without splintering. Keep an eye for holes or small piles of sawdust, which may indicate insect activity. Composite deck materials are resistant to rot or insect activity, but should still be looked over for signs of damage, such as warping or bowing. Damaged structural materials will need to be patched or replaced, depending on how widespread the damage is.
If you do find signs of rot, dont stop your inspection there. Decks are designed to be able to withstand weather, and they can take getting wet. However, they are not able to be consistently wet over a long time. Look for water sources that dont allow deck materials to dry out, such as sprinklers, improper grading, or downspouts that keep the decks wet.
On decks, proper flashing is essential to shed water off of wood surfaces and to prevent rot. If the wood surface being protected is pressure-treated, check to see if the flashing is aluminum. Aluminum corrodes when placed in contact with pressure treated wood, so flashing will degrade over time.
Deck Structure
The methodology behind deck structures varies according to the deck material, type of connection to the home, size of the deck, and local ordinances. There are enough variables in that equation that we cant cover the entire topic in this article, but even a casual inspection can be helpful to identify trouble spots before they become major issues.
As you look over your deck, give the structure a shake. Support posts should look and feel solid. If you sense a wobble when you shake them, or if it looks as if a footing is coming out of contact with the ground, then bring in a pro ASAP.
Look for any materials in the deck structure that arent designed for exterior use. For example, all fasteners on your deck should be corrosion-resistant. (If you see rust stains around fasteners, take this as a warning sign.) In addition, any wooden posts in contact with soil should be pressure-treated AND rated for ground contact.
Deck hand rails should be about 3 high, and pass the 4 ball testa 4 toy ball should not be able to fit between the railings. (In this test, the 4 ball is a stand-in for a toddlers head.) Your local code requirements may have different requirements for these measurements; if so, follow their guidelines to be sure youre in compliance.
To check the condition of the decks surface, spray it with water. Whether its painted, stained, or composite, the water should bead on the surface, rather than soaking into the material.
Lastly, a note about hot tubs. Hot tubs are a popular feature, but unfortunately, many hot tubs are added after the deck construction, and the decks they sit on are not designed to hold their weight. A gallon of water weighs just over eight pounds, so a hot tub holding a couple hundred gallons of water, plus half-dozen people, can easily top the scales at over a ton. Thats like parking a compact car on deck. If you have any doubts about whether your deck can hold that kind of weight, bring in a pro to do a thorough analysis.
Fences
Fence inspections are a little easier to conduct than deck inspections. Walk the fence line with a screwdriver or awl (I like to use a multi-tool for this), as well as a hammer and a spray bottle.
Fence Structure
Look over the fasteners to make sure they are securely seated. If you see any popped nails, now is a good time to give them a tap back into place. If the nail is still loose, try a different angle, longer nail, or different fastener location.
As you walk the fence, reach out and give it a gentle shake from time to time. If any sections feel weak, try to find out if its a fastener issue, or something else. Give the boards a poke with the screwdriver or awl, checking to make sure the material is firm.
Examine the fence posts during your walk, as well. Inspect the base of the posts for signs of rot or decay. The most important aspect of fence posts is that they are seated far enough in-ground to be below the frost line for your climate. Look for any posts that are starting to heave up out of the ground. If you see this happening, chances are that those posts will need to be replaced and installed properly.
Fence Surface
If you see any excessive moss or mildew growth, look for the cause. You may find a simple solution, or it may be something you cant modifysuch as a shady run along your neighbors home. Clean off the growth, and consider touching up any stain or paint as needed.
Speaking of stain, the best way to check whether the stain on your wood fence needs a touch-up is to spritz it with water from the spray bottle. The spray should sit on the surface in beads. If it soaks into the wood, its time to refresh the stain.
Ive mostly been talking about wood fences so far, but the same techniques apply to metal or composite fencing. Any metal fencing material is designed to withstand the elements, but damage like scrapes or dings can leave them vulnerable. Rust in its early stages can be cleaned off and the fencing can be re-treated with a protective coating. If the fence has lost its structural strength, its time to replace the affected section.
A special note: Pool Fences are a separate creature, with concerns beyond simple physical condition. Local requirements vary widely, so youll have to check with your local regulatory agency in order to be sure that your pool fence meets all requirements. Common problem areas include height, railing gaps, gate swing, and latching mechanism.
Hopefully, your decks and fences pass your inspection with flying colors. Take care of any maintenance as needed, and you can look forward to another year of enjoying your yard!
Creating an Outdoor Living Space
Get the most out of your outdoor space this summer by transforming it. After getting the much desired privacy by adding a fence to enclose your yard, make it even more inviting by using some of the ideas in this article. From lighting to furniture, you can easily create an outdoor living space that is inexpensive and eco-friendly with recycled materials.
10 Ways to Update Your Outdoor Space
Jul 19th 2014 9:03AM
By Laura Gaskill
Been gazing out at your backyard, wishing you could spruce up your hangout space? You don’t need to spend a lot to make a big difference in the way your outdoor rooms look and feel; you can whip up furnishings and decor, hunt for vintage bargains and make smart choices about new purchases. Here are 10 ideas for updating your space on a dime.
Metal or Wood? What’s Better?
It’s the time of year where people begin to plan how to spruce up their outdoor spaces to enjoy in the warmer months. A fence is a great addition to any yard for privacy, increased security (especially for pets), and curb appeal. However, the decision can be made difficult because there are so many options of fencing materials and designs available. The two most popular materials are wood and metal. If you can’t choose between the two, this article from DoItYourself.com might help.
Wood Fence Panels vs Metal Fence Panels
It’s time to put up that fence, but there are so many choices to choose from when it comes to wood fence panels and metal fence panels that it’s hard to make a decision. The below information explores the various pros and cons of choosing wood or metal for your fence panels.
Wood Is Most Popular
You will find that wood, even today, is the most popular choice for fence options. Most fences you come across will be made of wood.
Wood Is Easy
Wood is easy to work with. Wood is mainly worked with using only a hammer and nails. It’s also easy to find. Lumber yards and local home supply shops will carry new wood, or wood can be salvaged from old homes and projects for a different look. Different sizes, different treatments and different looks are available.
Wood Is Eco-friendly
Wood is a natural material, and is renewable. Basically if you want to get down to it, when you are working with wood, you are really working with trees.
Wood Is Not so Durable
Wood is not as durable as metal. Wood will be subject to insects, rot, and old age, making it weak. While there are treatments ad protectants available, wood will eventually fall pray to damage.
Wood Is at Risk from Heavy Weather
Wood can be damaged by any weather if not treated right, but the best treatments cannot protect a wood fence from high winds or heavy snow.
Metal Has Options
There are different kinds of metals you can use for your fence. There is aluminum, wrought iron, and chain link. Each have their benefits, and each have their downfalls.
Metal Can Rust
Most metal materials actually will not rust. The exception is wrought iron, which is prone to rust. Rust will create structural weaknesses over time. Wrought iron must be painted regularly to protect it from rust.
The Look of Metal
Wrought iron is beautiful, very pleasing to the eye. Aluminum gives the look of wrought iron and is also pleasing to the eye, even though it doesn’t give you a wide variety of colors to choose from. Chain link, however, is not so pretty. We’ve all seen chain link and it will never win an award for any designing competition. However, there are chain links that are coated with vinyl in different colors, so it may add a little character to it.
Metal Is Strong
Most metal materials are very strong. Aluminum is the exception. Aluminum is to be seen and not touched. If you are looking for a fence that your kids can touch without worry, aluminum would not be the choice for you. Wrought iron and chain link, however, are very strong and can withstand a lot.
Some Metals Make Better DIY Projects than Others
Choosing the right material is up to you, and if actually installing your fence is something you wish to finish yourself, choosing either aluminum or chain link is the right metal material to go with. Wrought iron should have some soldering done, which makes it a little more complicated on your part.
Hopefully you are feeling more confident in choosing which material is right for you. Weigh out the above information,and just remember that the material needs to do exactly what you are looking for.
Article sourced from: http://www.doityourself.com/stry/wood-fence-panels-vs-metal-fence-panels
Electric Fencing 101
People that have pets are the most common to install electric fences on their property to keep their pet close to home without physical fences blocking their lawn. There are advantages and disadvantages to the different kinds of electric fences. This article from DoItYourself.com points out what you should know before taking the plunge of buying and installing an electric fence.
What to Consider Before Purchasing an Electric Fence
When you are considering purchasing an electric fence, there are two main decisions to keep in mind: what type of electric fence you want and what amperage and voltage to use. Electric fences will deliver a jolt of electricity when touched or crossed. The amperage of the electric fence determines the strength and severity of the shock that it will generate. When considering purchasing one of these electric devices, there are several things to keep in mind.
Warning: Double-check product standards and safety guidelines regarding your animal type before making your fence purchase. Remember not to use more voltage or amperage than required, as this can hurt both animals and humans. Many states, cities, and counties have laws related to maximum voltage that you should research before making your purchase.
Types of Electric Fences
There are three main categories of electric fences.
Above-ground Fence
The first type is the standard, above-ground electric fence. This type of fence will typically consist of posts and wire. Anyone that touches the wire of this fence will receive an electric shock.
Underground Fence
The second type of electrical fence is the underground fence. This type consists of electrical wire buried in a small trench surrounding the perimeter area. For this type of fence to deliver a shock, the animal must wear a receiver in a collar.
Wireless Fence
The third type is called a wireless fence, and it has a transmitter that sends a signal outward, creating a circular boundary. For this type to work, the animal must also wear a receiver in a collar.
Fence Amperage and Voltage
With all electric fences, the intended outcome is to deliver a shock to startle the animal without causing any harm. If the fence is created to keep people out, usually a warning sign on the fence is enough to stop someone from attempting to cross it.
Amps
The amperage required of your electric fence depends on what the fence is keeping in or out of your property. If the amperage is too low, the electric fence will not be effective, and if the amperage is too high, the shock could be harmful to the animal or human that is shocked.
Volts
You will typically see voltage amounts used as well as amperage. Voltage is the power of flow, while amperage is the current, or the rate of flow. Most often, these two measurements are seen together. Even though voltages are high in electric fences, current (amps) is very low and is generally intermittent or pulsed. Amps are the dangerous part of an electrical charge.
Some studies have concluded that a minimum of 2,000 volts is required to create an effective fence. The typical voltage on an electric fence when keeping cattle is 3,000 volts. This is enough voltage to deliver a startling shock.
Keeping Purpose in Mind
When considering this kind of fence, keep the reason for using it in mind. The type and size of animal intended for the fence will help determine what type of fence is best and what voltage and amperage the fence will require.
Article sourced from: http://www.doityourself.com/stry/electric-fence-and-amperage-what-to-go-with
Fixing Chain Link Fences
Chain link fences can typically withstand a lot of wear and tear. However, with time, the material can thin out and tear apart. If you have noticed some damage like this on your chain link fence you might be able to repair the sections without having to replace your fence completely. Try following the guide below from DoItYourself.com.
How to Repair a Chain Link Fence
You may need to conduct repairs to a chain link fence for a number of reasons: a tree fell on it during a storm, it was cut by trespassers, or it stretched and popped out of place under the weight of a snowplow. Whatever the cause, it’s an easy repair with some tools, instructions, and a little help.
Step 1 – Find all the Damage
Inspect along both sides of the fence in places where there is obvious damage. Branch out from there to check for loose posts, gates, and top rails as well so you’re aware of everything that needs attention. Make note of these areas on a rough diagram to keep track of them all.
Step 2 – Measure and Buy new Parts you Need
Take measurements between intact fence posts to learn the standard length of fence railing for your existing fence. Then, count the posts that run throughout the damaged area to calculate the length of new fence railing you will need.
Measure the thickness of the fence railing as well so you can buy the same size you currently have in your fence, either 1 3/8-inch or 5/8-inch. If the fence posts or gate have been damaged, take one of each with you to get replacements in the correct size.
Assess if you will need new chain link, too. Some of the material will be able to be bent and refitted, but if the metal is badly bent or cut, it will need replacement. Buy all necessary parts and the hardware to attach everything.
Step 3 – Remove the Damaged Fence Rail
Start by cutting the wire ties that hold the chain link to the rail. Then, place the new fence rail on top of the old one and mark where you’re going to cut on the damaged one. Mark the other end of the new rail where it will meet a joint.
Set the new rail aside and cut the damaged one into 24-inch pieces with a hacksaw. Slide the very end off of the joint and set all these aside for later disposal.
Step 4 – Remove and Replace Damaged Posts as Needed
Remove the fence railing all the way to any damaged posts. Clip any ties that are still intact and slide the old posts out of position. Install your new ones using the same post holes.
Step 5 – Install the New Fence Railing
Remove the nearest end post cap, brace bands, and the vertical tension bands from one end of the fence. Slide the new fence railing into the rail cap slot, and along to where it’s needed. Attach the end of this fence railing to the end post rail cap, and reconnect brace and tension bands.
Step 6 – Fix the Chain Link Fabric
While you hold the closest post, ask someone to aid you in putting the undamaged chain link back over the new post. Insert a soft nylon cord through chain links to help pull. Look at an intact fence section to check that caps and bands are in the correct position before tightening the connecting bolts fastening the chain link to each post. Note that the vertical tension bar, woven through the chain link parallel to the fence post, is correctly aligned. Reconnect the horizontal tension bands to the vertical tension bar, and the vertical brace bands to the fence railing.
In the event some of your existing fencing was irreparable, it’s at this time that you will want to clip away the damaged chain link and add in new material. Make sure to wear work gloves to protect your hands from sharp wires.
For large areas of damage, it will be easiest to cut the fencing at the surrounding poles. This will ensure that the existing fencing is held securely while you’re weaving in the new material. If you have just a small hole, this will mean buying a lot of extra material, so you can clip around the damage and just have a helper hold it.
Clip and bend two vertical lengths of wire from the old fence to use in attaching the new fencing. Then, on one end, use one of these pieces to weave the ends of the two chain link sections together. On the opposite side, use the come-a-long tool to stretch the fencing tight. Cut your new material to the length you need to fill the space and use the second vertical length of metal to weave these ends together as well.
Step 7 – Maintain Your Chain Link Fence
Keep your chain link fence well maintained. Check it in spring after heavy snow and after severe storms where trees have fallen. Even if the trees fell far from your house or garage, damage to the fence at any point will reduce the stability of the entire fixture.
Article sourced from: http://www.doityourself.com/stry/how-to-repair-a-chain-link-fence
Rust on Iron Fencing
Wrought iron used to be a very popular material to use for fences. However, as most metals do with time, it can rust. If you have a wrought iron fence on your property and want to restore it back to its original beauty you can roll up your sleeves and follow this guide. It will take a little elbow grease, but it is worth it to keep your fence looking great.
Source: http://www.doityourself.com/stry/how-to-restore-a-rusty-wrought-iron-fence
Privacy Outdoors
Many homes have outdoor spaces that are open and allow little privacy. If you spend a lot of time outside and want more privacy in your yard or simply don’t want passersby to see in your house, this article will be useful to read. There are several options for outdoor privacy. Read about them all below and decide what works best for you.
Source: http://www.doityourself.com/stry/3-privacy-options-you-cant-afford-not-to-have
Fence and Deck Inspections
Keeping an eye on the structure of your deck and/or fencing is important in upkeep if you want the structures to be safe and in tact for a long time. You can always consult professionals like us to do the job, but this blog post from Pro Referral explains how to do it yourself. It points out what to look for and how to begin. Check it out below:
Source: https://blog.proreferral.com/expect-youre-inspecting-decks-fences/
Picket Fence Maintenance
Maintenance on any kind of fence is important if you want it to last a long time. If you have a picket fence there are things you can do, as pointed out in the article below, that will keep it looking great and doing its job for as long as possible. Check out the tips below for a simple DIY project.
Article sourced from: http://www.doityourself.com/stry/how-to-maintain-your-picket-fence
Automatic Gate Openers
If you choose to have an automatic gate installed on your property you have to think about entry accessories and the kind you want. There are different types of gate openers, and with advancing technology, there are even ways to open gates with your phone. Learn about the different gate openers in the article below and decide what would work best for you.
Article sourced from: http://www.doityourself.com/stry/electric-gate-openers-remote-vs-keypad
Vinyl Fence Positives and Negatives
If you have been on the fence (pun intended) about installing a classic looking, new vinyl fence this spring but want more information, then this article will be worth the read! Much like any other fence material, there are pros and cons to vinyl fencing for various scenarios. Read the pros and cons described in this article and decide if a vinyl fence is right for your yard!
Article sourced from: http://www.doityourself.com/stry/the-pros-and-cons-of-vinyl-siding